Line 2 633 Gorham St.
Hutchcroft, Lester W. head own No Radio age 41 WI Eng WI Occ: Health Officer - State of Wisconsin
Edna P. wife 33 WI Swit WI
Mary E. dau 6 WI WI WI
_Abiah Palmer BALIS ___+
| (1802 - 1857)
_Henry M. BALIS ___________|
| (1827 - 1869) m 1861 |
| |_Maria H. CLOUGH ______+
| (1800 - 1881)
|
|--Henrietta BALIS
| (1862 - 1891)
| _Thomas J. BATCHELDER _
| | (.... - 1855) m 1838
|_Mary Anzalett BATCHELDER _|
(1844 - 1873) m 1861 |
|_Esther PHILBRICK _____+
(1818 - 1903) m 1838
Line 22 Dwelling # 174 Family # 176
Batchelder, Esther age 57 value R.E. P.E. 1800 b. New hampshire
Balis, Ansolet 25 8300 1400 Vermont
Balis, Henrietta 8 Wisconsin
Esther 2 WI
Maggie 1 WI
[2705]
January 31, 2006
Dear Children,
Tonight I want to tell you about the first Demouth ancestor that we know anything about. He was
Jacob Demouth
(16xx - 17xx)
Our immigrant DeMouth ancestor was Jacob who came to America in about 1710. I have discovered there are several very different ideas about Jacob's background.Many sources say Jacob was a French Huguenot. The Huguenots were French Protestants, members of the reformed church founded by John Calvin in the year 1550. France was a very Catholic country. Since Huguenots did not believe they needed the church to intercede between the individual Christian and God, the Catholic church did not like Huguenots and therefore the government of France did not like them. For the next almost 50 years the French Wars of Religion ensued in which many Huguenots lost their lives. Then a remarkable thing happened. King Henry IV decided France had had quite enough of the Wars of Religion and the Huguenots could live peacefully and practice their religion in 20 specific French towns. His Proclamation, called the Edict of Nantes, lasted for 87 years. Though there were many violations of the Edict, life was more peaceful for the Huguenots than it was before the Edict or than it was after 1685 when King Louis XIV declared an end to the Edict of Nantes. What happened next was called, "The Reign of Terror." Huguenot homes and churches were burned and many of the people were killed or tortured or sold into slavery. Those who were able fled the country. If the Demouths were originally French Huguenots, they escaped from the reign of Terror and fled to Germany.
There is another story that the Demouths came from Holland. Lois Wells Wilson has our Demouths coming from France to Holland. Here is her version:
"Three De Mott brothers and other members of their family escaped from Brittany (that's part of France) and fled to Holland. They waited there ten years for any of their retainers who might wish to accompany them to the New World and who might find ways to escape from France to join them. One of the brothers received a large land grant from Holland to property up beyond Boonton in New Jersey."
We should consider this information because it was said to have come from Thomas Demouth (b.1804) a descendant who had lived his whole life in the area, even in the same house, as our immigrant forefather Jacob. May Sommers in her Demouth history also says they came from Holland.
Mr. George DeMuth has studied the history of the name "DeMuth," of which Demouth is thought to be a variation. He believes the name is definitely German and has a religious souce. The word Demuth in German means humility, an uncomfortable virtue in German culture. He connects the name backwards through history to the Waldensians in the Rhine Valley who were attracted to the teachings of Jan Huss, 1409. Huss tried to take church teachings back to their Biblical roots by emphasizing simple living and humility. Demuth as a name simply means "the humble one." Mr. DeMuth also says these folks who followed this religion lived mainly in the Rhine Valley along the border with France and that there were intermarriages with Huguenots. You can read more of Mr. DeMuth's interesting ideas in the sources that come after this story.
What we know from early records is that Jacob's son Frederick was born in Darmstadt, Germany in about 1697. And there is a record of a marriage between Jacob and Barbara Thewalt in 1736 saying Jacob was a widower from Hooghwysel, Darmstadt, Germany. Darmstadt is a city in Germany in the Rhine Valley. Hooghwysel I have looked and looked for. There is a village about 25 miles north of Darmstadt called Hoch Weisel. I think Hoch Weisel and Hooghwysel may be one and the same. We know our Demouths came over with the Palatines who were from the Rhine River Valley in Germany.
So while we know they lived for a time in or near Darmstadt, we should also keep our minds open to the possibility that they lived for a time in Holland and that they may, or may not, have been Huguenots. Some future researcher will be able to untangle this more fully than I have been able to.
Because of Mr. Henry Z. Jones Jr's research we know that Jacob and his family came to America in 1709 or 1710 with a group of people called the Palatines. So now I'm going to tell you a little bit about the Palatines.
Darmstadt is in an area of Germany near the Rhine River that was known as the Palatinate. It is a very beautiful and fertile area that was fought over for centuries by the Germans and French and even Dutch, English, and Spanish. During the 1600's the Palatine people endured terrible hardships and oppression brought on by religious and political wars. Even the weather turned against the people. In 1708-09 the winter was so cold birds were said to freeze on the wing. This was the final straw for the Palatines. Queen Anne in England agreed that any Palatines that traveled down the Rhine River (which would be north) to Rotterdam, (that's a city in Holland,) would be transported to England. And come they did, by the thousands! And Jacob Demouth and his small family were among them. Once in England they were herded into old wharehouses where they starved and waited for the authorities to decide what to do with them. They were given bread but never enough. Finally in December 1709 or January 1710 Jacob and his family boarded a boat for New York. On the boats conditions were even worse. There was a convoy of ten ships carrying 2,814 Palatines. There were rats, wormy food, dirty water, and poor sanitation. Many became ill with Typhoid Fever and other illnesses. 446 people died during the voyage and 250 more died soon after their arrival.
But Jacob and his wife Elizabetha, and three children, Johann Frederich, Anna Dorothea, and Anna Maria, survived.
Governor Hunter of New York purchased 6000 acres along the Hudson River for the Palatines. Our Demouths settled in a part called West Camp on the west bank of the Hudson River. Rachel Meyer in an article on Rootsweb called Who were the Palatines? describes the daily life of our Demouths in the camp.
"The settlers built rough huts and cabins to stave off the winter months. . . Cooking was done in large outside community stone ovens. House furniture, tables and chairs were carved out of the forest timber. The assignment to each family of such a small plot of ground (7 acres) seemed like an insult to these men who had been among the best farmers in Europe."
We don't know how long Jacob and his family stayed in the camp. We do know they were there in July 1710, and 1711. If you look at a map of New York and New Jersey you will see the west bank of the Hudson down near New York City is already in New Jersey. There are several references to Jacob in New Jersey. (See Jones.) By 1731 there is a record of Jacob in Eulenkill which was the early name of an area right near Boonton. There is also a record of Jacob Demuth and wife Elisabeth being sponsors for the child Conrad, son of Frederick b. Darmstadt, on 6 Mar 1733/34. Conrad is named as an heir in the will of our Frederick.
These records point up one of the problems of genealogy. Lois Wells Wilson described the problem thus: "It was necessary to search for information on these ancestors under such spellings as De Muth, Demont, De Mont, Dumont, Demit, Demet, Demott, De Mott, De Met, Demun, Demund, Demut, De Mutt, Dumon, Dumond, Dumot, Du Mott, Du Mond, De Muthe, and De Mouth. In France the name was often written 'de Mathe.'" In America the name was also written Dimouth, Zeymout, Tymouth, Temont, and Themoth to name a few. I think Alex Fowler described the reason behind all these spellings when he wrote, "You will appreciate that the spelling of 'Temout' for Demouth is probably the English phonetics of the Dutch pronunciation of the French name." Besides, folks weren't so particular about spelling back then. If you could write at all you were thought to be an educated person. That our Jacob was in that category is supported by Mr. Fowler's observation of a land deed, "Jacob signed his name but Elizabeth made her mark."
About 1730 Jacob built the old stone house. This is how Lois Wells tells it.
"In 1730 Jacob built a sturdy house of stone for his family not far from New Foundland near the site of the old Clinton Reservoir. . . The old stone house was occupied for a time by a De Mouth daughter whose husband, Peter Snyder, built an addition to the house and a new entry way. Above the door he set a triangular stone with the Mysterious-looking inscription P.X.S. 1773, (thought to mean built by Peter Snyder in 1773). It was occupied by our direct ancestors for five generations. The last to live there before it was destroyed was Margaret De Mouth who married Theodore Denman in 1854. Her daughter, Suzanne Denman, as a very young woman, went to visit the site and got the above information from the man who occupied the next farm, Thomas De Mouth."
Suzanne wrote a poem about the house. Here it is:
THE OLD HOUSE AND STONEY BROOK BRIDGE
I will sing you a song about Stoney Brook Bridge And the rivulet running below;
There my dear mother played when a child on the ridge,
Or basked in the warm evening glow:
Great Grandmother had a stone house at the place
That is now called the old Reservoir,
While in Rockaway Vale lay the first of our race,
Who had come to the spot long before.
There was Abner De Mouth with his mill and his shop
On his seven thousand acres of land,
Who invited the ministers always to stop
When they preached to the small zealous band;
There were other historical spots I have seen,
As I traveled the vale, ridge to ridge,
But the place that I love beyond others, I ween,
Are the Old Home and Stoney Brook Bridge.
Old Stone House on the Hill, where my mother was born,
And her own mother played when a child,
Where the golden rod blew in the glorious morn,
And love was a thing undefiled,
Thou art sacred to me and enshrined in my soul,
And my plea ever is to be true,
To the prayers that went up to the heavenly goal
From the hearts that were sheltered by you!
Susan Denman Vincett
I think Susan may have been a little confused about Abner and the 7000 acres. Jacob had a grandson, Adam, who may have lived there and was a quite wealthy man. But I believe his estate was more like 600 acres than 7000. Another description of the old stone house came from a site describing the Rockaway Township Bicentennial Quilt which included the house on one square. (web address: www.gti.net/rocktwp/5throw.html)
"The kitchen and dining rooms which were located in the cellar of the Stone Cottage had a fireplace with a capacity for burning eight-feet long logs, two other fireplaces were on the first floor and the walls of the building were two feet thick. "
Percy Crayon as well tells about the old stone house and a famous relic.
"This family was in the possession of . . .an old relic, a razor hone of petrified wood which came over with the family, and had traditionally been preserved in the family a long time during their residence in France. Several other relics were well preserved and of great antiquity."
We don't know when Jacob died. No record of a will has been found. But he left his estate to his son Frederick, whose story will be next.
What of Anna Dorothea and Anna Maria? Anna Maria married Martin Van Duyne in 1728. I have been in contact with one of her descendants, Cheryl Hahn. Anna Dorothea married Johann Peter Friederich. Anna Dorothea and Peter Friederich (It was normal in German families to give children two names and call them by the 2nd. Score one for the possible German heritage.) were sponsors for Johann Frederick's (call him Frederick) daughter Elisabetha when she was baptised on 29 Oct 1735. Our line continues with our ancestor, Frederick Demouth.
So this is the story of our immigrant Demouth ancestor, Jacob. He may have endured the suffering of the Huguenots and fled to Germany. He went from there to Holland and then to England. He came to America with the Palatines and endured all their troubles, including a horrible voyage. We know he was a somewhat educated man because he could write his name at a time when few could. He was able to preserve some wealth through all his struggles or else he was exceedingly hard working and resourceful after he arrived in America, or maybe both. After a very long journey that stretched at least from Germany to Holland to England to America, he finally found his home. In Morris County, New Jersey he built a beautiful estate which he left to his son. We can be very proud of our immigrant ancestor Jacob Demouth.
Here's how we are related to Jacob. Jacob had Johann Frederick Demouth, Frederick had Adam Demouth, Adam had Jacob Demouth, Jacob had John Demouth, John had Jacob Demouth, Jacob had Samuel De Mouth, Samuel had Thelma De Mouth, Thelma had Dianne Zimmerman, Dianne had Dawne Stevens, Dawne had . . . Sarah, Hannah, Timmy, and Becky Pamplin! And that's how you are related to the Huguenots and the Palatines!
Love, Granny
Demuth, Jacob, (N)
The DeMont, or De Mouth family were formerly residents of France, French Hugenots who fled from France on account of their Protestant faith, and removed to Hanover in Germany, and from hence emigrated to America in June, 1709, and became the first white settlers in the Rockaway Valley, in this township. They were the first white settlers in the valley and this family was in the possession of old papers and deeds dating from 1709 to 1730, and an old relic, a razor hone of petrified wood which came over with the family, and had traditionally been preserved in the family a long time during their residence in France. Several other relics were well preserved and of great antiquity.
The early family records had been lost, but history mentions Frederick, and Jacob, a probable son. They were also among the earliest settlers of New Foundland in this (Rockaway) township. The mythical inscription "P.xS 1773" in the triangle stone above the door of the old stone house now owned by Theodore Brown, may be interpreted that the building was erected by Peter Snyder in 1773. It was an addition to the original stone house built just forty years previous upon the lands owned by a member of the DeMouth family, who located there from Rockaway Valley about 1730, and inherited by the wife of Peter Snyder, who was a daughter of this settler at New Foundland."
Early records, and the De Mouths themselves, frequently spelled the name differently, so it was necessary to search for information on these ancestors under such spellings as De Muth, Demont, De Mont, Dumont, Demit, Demet, Demott, De Mott, De Met, Demun, Demund, Demut, De Mutt, Dumon, Dumond, Dumot, Du Mott, Du Mond, De Muthe, and De Mouth. In France the name was often written "de Mathe", as is shown in more than one transaction we found. In "Notorial Records from 1603 to 1665" Pierre Sanxy is listed as attorney for Joachim and Clorinde de Mathe, his wife. (Our branch of the family always pronounced the name to rhyme with "Vermouth" regardless of how it was spelled.)
The earliest De Muths came over before the Huguenot troubles in France, colonized the Bergen, N.J. area and had large landholdings dating from 1624 in and near Boonton, N.J. The De Mott Hill and Cemetery there still exist. They say that Abner De Mouth lived like a feudal lord; he had 7000 acres of land, had his own brewery and his own blacksmith shop, all on his own place.
Our direct ancestral De Mouths were Huguenots, natives of France who fled from there at the time of Louis XIV when he revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685. (The Edict had been promulgated by Henry IV in 1598 and had given the Huguenots almost a hundred years of peace.) The Revocation created a period called the "Reign of Terror" by those who endured the persecution, who had all their property confiscated, who were forbidden to worship as Protestants and whose lives were threatened if they failed to conform or tried to escape. Their ministers were nearly all executed. Fortunate escapees fled to Germany and Holland.
Three De Mott brothers and other members of their family escaped from Brittany and fled to Holland. They waited there ten years for any of their retainers who might wish to accompany them to the New World and who might find ways to escape from France to join them. One of the brothers received a large land grant from Holland to property up beyond Boonton in New Jersey. In 1709 these three families came to America. Some settled in the Boonton area where earlier De Mouths had colonized; the little towns and hills and cemeteries thereabouts still bear the family name. Others settled down in Somerset and they gradually spread out all over Rockaway Valley.
Many early family records have now been lost but history records that two of these brothers, Jacob and Frederick De Mouth, from 1709 to 1730 recorded legal papers and deeds to property at New Foundland in Rockaway Township and elsewhere in Rockaway Valley. The records. refer to them as "Jacob and Frederick De Mouth, first settlers of Rockaway Valley". These records spell their names variously as De Mathe, De Mott, De Mouth, De Muthe or De Muth.
The following is a little about the
origin of the Demuth surname the prof. George DeMuth did some time ago. Note
the very last paragraph.
Origin Of The Demuth Surname
Some have suggested that Demuth is a French Huguenot name, this is a false
assumption. The name is common throughout Germany and especially in
Schlesien as well as Luxembourg. It has two different etymologies. The
first is from the Middle High German word "diemuot" or "demuot", being an
adjective meaning "condescending" or "modest". An example of this is in
1293, Heinrich dictus Diemuot, zu Oberried" (i.e. Heinrich the modest of
Oberried). It was common for descriptive adjectives to become surnames
during this early time period. In German dictionaries Demut means meekness
or humility.
The second origin for the name Demuth comes from a woman's first name. When
a son is referred to as son of Demut, in some cases it developed into a
surname, as in this example from Hessen records from 1336, "Emercho filius
Demudis, zu Niederingeheim" (i.e. Emercho son of Demudis, of
Niederingeheim).
According to German books on surnames, the name of Demuth might have
described a character trait: Demuth or Demut, as it has to be written since
the last German spelling reform in 1901, is the German word for "Humility".
Demuth was also in use as a female Christian name, and so the surname of
Demuth can also be matronymic, referring to a woman, probably a mother,
called Demuth. The surname of Demuth can also be the germanized from of the
French surname of Dumont. Dumont means "of the Mountain". Demuth does not
mean "of courage", as occasionally stated: the name is certainly not
composed of the Latin preposition 'de', the Latin word for "of", and "Muth"
or "Mut", as we have to spell it since 1901, the German word for courage,
related to the English word "mood".
Demuth, the Origin of the Name
By George R. DeMUTH
The following, though brief, covers many years and many countries. It is a
hypothesis based on the documented history of certain peoples. In what
follows, there is no way to avoid discussing Christianity, including the
organization of Western Christianity (as opposed to Orthodox or Coptic
Christianity), for Christianity and the church activities are important to
the name.
The name, Demuth: what does it mean and what is the origin of the word? It
came into German from Gothic as a word coined by the Christians in the first
five hundred years after Christ to express in the Gothic language the virtue
which we call "humbleness" or "humility" in English, stronger than our
current meaning of modesty. No word for it existed in Gothic. As an
example of its use in the Bible: Acts 20, verse 19: "I served the Lord with
great humility..." In Vulgate or church Latin, "...serviens Domino cum omni
humilitate..." In German, "...gedient mit aller Demuth..." The Gothic
language simply had no word for such a feeling or attitude. So the
translators made a word from "diener" and "muth" meaning the spirit of a
server of diener; the combination may have transiently been "dienmuth" but
it entered German from Gothic as Demuth.* It is a very uncommon German
family name.
How did this become our family name? The story, I believe, starts in the
11th century in Lombardy, northern Italy; but is easier to go backwards from
four or five centuries later. There is substantial evidence to support the
general hypothesis which follows; but, of course, we do not have the given
names of any of the individuals before 1650.
Let us start with the history of the Moravian Church (although not all,
maybe most Demuths were not Moravian members). This church was founded by
the followers of Jan or John HUSS, who in 1409 became Rector of Karl's
University in Prague, the very influential head of the country's main
university, when Prague was on of the, if not the leading city of Europe.
He attempted to bring about church reforms (this was a century before Martin
LUTHER), was highly respected, but thus gained enmity, and was martyred in
1415. He left many believers and they grew in number over the next century
and a half. Many non-Czechs were attracted, mostly Germans, and a very high
proportion of these were Waldensians.
Many of the Waldensians by then lived in the area of the Rhine, adjacent to
Alsace and Lorraine, in German speaking parts of Switzerland, and in the
southwest parts of modern Germany. Many were attracted to the teachings of
Huss, since they were and had been for centuries a religious group who were
trying to reform the Christian church as they saw it. I postulate that the
Moravian Church Demuths were former Waldensians. They definitely were of
German lineage. Other Waldensian Demuths, maybe the majority, remained in
that corner of Germany and nearby France. You may note that some of the
descendants of the latter group were later Roman Catholics. This is easily
explained. The religious of most people after the end of the Thirty Year
War (1648-Peace of Westphalia) was the religion of that Prince in whose
province they lived. If your prince was Catholic, you were Catholic; if he
was Lutheran, you were Lutheran, etc. except for the small number who went
"underground," which the Moravian Seed did.
Who were the Waldensians? They were a religious sect which was originally
composed of the followers of Peter WALDO, who was a religious reformer from
Lyon, France. He began preaching in about 1173 about the need to reform
Christian practices including the excesses of the papacy and of other church
leaders. His followers formed a substantial body of people in northern
Italy as well as in southern France. They gave up ostentatious dress and
pomp, and emphasized the Bible and the early church doctrine. Needless to
say, their efforts were not totally appreciated by the Pope, who was quite
worldly at this time. Tolerated for a while, the Waldensians eventually
were persecuted, many of them were driven into the foothills and valleys of
the Alps. Many then many moved north to northern France and spread into
what is now Germany. There are still, however, Waldensians in northern
Italy (approximately 20,000) as well as in southern France and other parts
of the world.
Now, how did the name Demuth become applied to some Waldensians? Not long
before the development of the Waldensian movement, there was in Lombardy
(part of Northern Italy) another dissident religious group equally strongly
troubled by the material and worldly policies of the Western Christian
church. These called themselves the Humiiati, the humble ones. At first,
they were tolerated by the Roman church. Later, they had some interchange
of membership with the Waldensians, but they remained for quite a while a
discrete group. At the end of the 12th century, the Pope decided to
eradicate them. Many were killed. But some of them then were or had
already been incorporated into the Waldensian sect.
My hypothesis is that when the Waldensians moved north and entered the
German speaking area, there was still an identifiable sub-group of them
(perhaps no many) who were still identified as Humiliati. These people
took, as a German surname, the close German trraduation diploma have a lower
case or small "m.' All legal papers were written with a small "m". And
yet, I know his father toyed with writing the name with a capital "M" (in
the margin of one of his books). I postulate that this may have been
influenced by his family having had two prior generations of marriages to
Huguenots, who were originally from northern France, Lorraine and the border
country. It is only a guess.
* [Foot Note: Professor Graf noted that it appeared to him that many
Germans, modern day and past found Demuth both difficult to acknowledge as a
virtue and an uncomfortable feeling.]
Sources:
Encyclopedia Brittanica (general)
Multimedia Encyclopedia (general)
The New Columbia Encyclopedia (general)
History of the Moravian Church (J. Taylor HAMILTON and Kenneth G. HAMILTON)
You Are My Witnesses, The Waldensians Across 800 years (Giorgio TOURN and
Associates)
Private Communication from Professor Otto GRAF (German and Linguistics)
Taken from an email, 28 Oct 2001
I have a hypothesis for which there is circumstantial evidence that the
Demuth name came indirectly from Humiliati, an Italian sect in the XIIth
century, who was called the humble ones. They joined the Waldensians, moved
to the Palatinate area. The Waldensians were early supporters of Jan Hus
(or Huss). Anyway, Demuth means the humble one. I have my own guess as to
the capitalization of the M by some (there were some French Hugenot
marriages).
George DeMuth
I am afraid I can't be of much help on this Demouth family. I am aware of
the West Camp family and have tried to locate their ancestor home of
Hooghwyzel/Hoch-Weisel/etc with no luck. Unfortunately there are some very
poorly researched books out there that have spread misleading information.
I have heard of the Huguenots tied to this family but have not traced the
source of it down. Most everything I have come across indicated they were
German Palatines NOT French, but I am far an expert of this family line.
_____________________
|
_Joseph C. GIFFORD __|
| (1828 - 1908) m 1848|
| |_____________________
|
|
|--Joseph B. GIFFORD
| (1870 - ....)
| _Abiah Palmer BALIS _+
| | (1802 - 1857)
|_Julia C. BALIS _____|
(1832 - 1906) m 1848|
|_Maria H. CLOUGH ____+
(1800 - 1881)
__
|
_John MOORE Deacon___|
| (1603 - 1677) m 1628|
| |__
|
|
|--Mindwell MOORE
| (1643 - 1682)
| __
| |
|_____________________|
|
|__
______________________
|
_John QUIRK _________|
| (1732 - 1792) m 1754|
| |______________________
|
|
|--Charles QUIRK
| (1757 - ....)
| _Henry RADCLIFFE _____
| | (1702 - 1787) m 1725
|_Margery RADCLIFFE __|
(1732 - 1814) m 1754|
|_Ellinor MCYLCHREEST _+
(.... - 1759) m 1725
_Isaac SHELDON _________
| (1629 - 1708) m 1653
_Joseph SHELDON _____|
| (1667 - 1708) m 1694|
| |_Mary WOODFORD _________+
| (1635 - 1684) m 1653
|
|--AMY SHELDON
|
| _Joseph WHITING Captain_
| | (1640 - 1717) m 1669
|_Mary WHITING _______|
(1672 - 1734) m 1694|
|_Mary PYNCHON __________+
(1650 - 1674) m 1669
_Nicholas WEST ______+
| (1551 - 1601) m 1576
_Richard WEST _______|
| (1578 - 1642) m 1601|
| |_Anne _______________
| (1555 - 1595) m 1576
|
|--Joane WEST
| (1606 - 1654)
| _ COOKE _____________
| | (1551 - ....) m 1579
|_Maudlin COOKE ______|
(1583 - 1641) m 1601|
|_Philipa A. STAPLES _
(1558 - 1612) m 1579
[4240]
Per Wayne Olsen: see "Genealogy of the Descendants of John White of Wenham and Lancaster,MA, 1638-1900", by Almira Larkin White, Chase Bros., Haverhill MA, 1900:
9 children.